FCAW Self-Shielding vs. Dual Shield
Flux cored arc welding comes in two types of shielding. The first difference is in the electrode itself, it is a tubular wire with a shielding powder in the center. In technical terms this is called “Self-Shielding” or sometimes branded "Inner Shield". The second is the same type of electrode, but another ingredient is added. A bottle of gas is used in addition to the flux core shielding.
The technical term for this is “Dual Shield”. In the case of dual shielding, you have a powder flux in the center of the electrode and an external shielding gas protecting the weld area.
FCAW Voltage Type - Welding Polarity – Power Supply
A flux cored welding power supply is also a MIG welding power supply, they are the same machine. That is a “Constant Voltage Power Supply”. Constant voltage power supplies keep the voltage near, or at the same level.
Unlike a TIG, or Stick welder, that keeps the amperage consistent. In the flux cored welder the amperage is changed with the wire feed speed. The faster the wire feeds, the more contact the electrode has, producing more amperage, and heat.
The voltage type used is D/C direct current like the type current produced by a battery. The polarity used in industrial flux core arc welding is typically D/C electrode (+) positive. This means that the handle is the positive side of the circuit,
or the electricity flows from the metal to the welding handle. This is typical when larger electrodes are used. When welding with smaller electrodes and sheet metals, the polarity is changed to D/C electrode (-) negative.
The main difference between FCAW, and a MIG welder’s are, flux cored arc welding power supplies are available with, much, more, power! Basically they are an extremely powerful MIG welder! Some flux core arc welders come with the capabilities of running over an extremely hot,
1000 plus amps! That is where they leave MIG welding in the dust for production.
Shielding Gasses for FCAW
In the case of dual shielding being used with a flux cored electrode the choices of shielding gasses are limited. The choices are as follows:
CO2 – Carbon dioxide
Ar – Argon
CO2 / Ar – A mixture of the two
Ar / Ox – A mixture of the two
CO2 by itself produces the deepest penetrating weld but has some draw backs. The mechanical properties of the weld are not the best due to
fact the flux in the wire reacts with the shielding gas. Others draw backs are, it produces a lot of spatter, and the arc is stiff and not as stable as it can be.
Argon by itself will also weld with a flux cored electrode, but just like CO2, it reacts not favorable with the flux. Both Argon and Carbon dioxide can make
a decent looking weld if used by themselves. What the weld looks like verses the actually quality of the weld are two different stories.
Date: 2023-04-10 hits: 522 Return
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